Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Sohan
Singh Hayreh, MD, MS, PhD, DSc,
FRCS, FRCOphth
Patricia A. Podhajsky, BSN
Ocular
Vascular Clinic
Department of
Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Carver College of Medicine
University of Iowa
Iowa City, Iowa
PLEASE NOTE:
- The first part of this information is intended primarily for patients and lay people, and the second part for ophthalmologists. It is a summary of material published in peer-reviewed ophthalmic journals. For more detailed information, please refer to the papers in the bibliography and the various articles cited in those papers.
- Dr. Hayreh does not give an opinion without personally examining a patient; he feels that to do so is unethical and also potentially dangerous.
CONTENTS
General information for Patients and Lay People Only
By S. S. Hayreh and P.A. Podhaksky
- Ischemia (Figure 1)
- Types of ischemic optic neuropathy
- Clinical classification of AION
- Tests and Procedures that may be done in patients with AION
Information Primarily for Physicians
by S. S. Hayreh
- Introduction
- Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
- Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION)
- Pathogenesis of NA-ION (Figure 2)
- Risk Factors for Development of NA-AION (Figures 3, 4, 5)
- Clinical Features of NA-ION
- Management of NA-ION
- Incipient Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
- Clinical Features of NA-AION (Figure 16)
- Management of incipient NA-AION
- Misconceptions about incipient NA-AION
- Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (A-AION) (Figures 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
- Pathogenesis
- Clinical Features of A-AION
- Management of A-AION (Figure 23)
- Misconceptions about A-AION
- Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (PION)
- Classification
- Pathogenesis (Figure 24)
- Clinical Features on PION (Figures 25, 26)
- Diagnosis of PION
- Management of PION
- Visual prognosis in PION
- Conclusions
- References
Originally published 1995 and revised, expanded and modified in April 2009.
Design